Sun played an instrumental role in the eventual collapse of the Qing Dynasty in 1911. He was the first provisional president when the Republic of China was founded in 1912 and later co-founded the Kuomintang, where he served as its first leader.
Today is Republic Day in Austria. On this day in 1918, Austria declared itself a republic, thus ending the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Its initial name was the Republic of German Austria, but the name was changed to the Republic of Austria in 1919 by the Peace Treaty of Saint-Germain.
Today is National Memorial Day in Liberia. This day commemorates the more than 2,000 civilians that were killed by the forces of the undemocratically established government of Samuel Doe in 1985. A counter-coup was organized by Thomas Quiwonkpa, but was put down in a massive show of force.
Today is Elizabeth Cady Stanton Day among women’s organizations, especially in the US. Stanton, (Nov. 12, 1815-Oct. 26, 1902), was an American social activist and leading figure of the early women’s movement.
Today is the anniversary of the Treaty of the Durand Line, which was signed between present-day Pakistan and Afghanistan in 1893. Also referred to as the “Zero Line,” the Durand Line is named after Sir Mortimer Durand, then-foreign secretary of the British Indian government.
Today is the anniversary of the Norwegian referendum of 1905 in which the people of Norway voted in favor of monarchy. In that year Norway was peacefully separated from Sweden and a referendum was held to ask the people what the new government style should be. The people opted for monarchy and the throne was offered to Danish Prince Carl. He took the name Haakon VII, after the medieval kings of independent Norway.
Today is the anniversary of the installation of Crown Prince Akihito (b. 1933) of Japan as the 125th Japanese emperor. On this day in 1989, the crown prince acceded to the throne. He is the world’s only reigning monarch with the title “emperor.”
On this day in 1840, French sculptor Auguste Rodin was born. Rodin, best known for his sculpture “The Thinker,” was the pre-eminent French sculptor of his time and remains one of the few sculptors widely recognized outside the visual arts community.
Today is the anniversary of the birth of Bahaullah (1817-1892). Born Mirza Husayn-Ali in Tehran, Bahaullah is the founder of the Bahai faith. The anniversary of Bahaullah’s birth is one of the nine days of the year when Bahais suspend work.
Gregorian Calendar: 12 November 2009 C.E.
Hijri Calendar: 25 Dhul-Qadah 1430 A.H.
Hebrew Calendar: 25 Cheshvan 5770
calendar@todayszaman.com
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